Pharmacy Curriculum Outcomes Assessment (PCOA) Practice Exam

Asthma pathophysiology is primarily characterized by:

1. Acute inflammation

2. Chronic inflammation

3. Mild irritation

4. Airway obstruction

The correct answer is: Chronic inflammation

Asthma is a chronic condition that affects the airways in the lungs. It is primarily characterized by chronic inflammation, as the immune system reacts negatively to triggers such as allergens, irritants, or infections. This chronic inflammation leads to swelling and thickening of the airway walls, as well as an increase in mucus production. The other options are incorrect because asthma is not necessarily characterized by acute inflammation or mild irritation, although these can be symptoms. The main issue in asthma is airway obstruction, as the inflammation and excess mucus make it difficult for air to flow freely in and out of the lungs. Therefore, option B is the most accurate description of the pathophysiology of asthma.